情态动词
一、can, 1能力 2许可you can /can I ?3相对的可能性，4绝对的否定，
二、Shall, shall I /we 1一人称是纯将来，2一三人称是请求许可shall the new comer?，3二三人称是命令,要求, 条款,规定every participant shall ,
三、should, 1按道理应该，2竟然，不相信， 3各种从句
四、must,1必须，命令， 2固执， 偏偏，
五、will,1纯粹的将来， 2动作的倾向性，3人的意愿， 4行，可以，5邀请
六、would, 1物作主语表动作的倾向，2人过去往往， 3过去的意愿，
七、may, 1一半的可能性， 2请求许可，
八、might ，很小的可能性，
九、could 1过去的能力 2.委婉的请求3本来可以
十、have to, 不得不（客观情况下）
十一、have got to , 有
十二、ought to 应该（主观认为）
十三、used to, 过去常常
十四、dare 敢于
十五、need, 需要
十六、might/may as well, 不妨做某事
十七、had better最好做
虚拟语气：谓语动词的一种特殊的表现形式。
1 If it _______(rains) tomorrow, we won’t have a picnic.
2 If she _______(come) , I will call you up.
3 If you _______(make) a promise to do sth, you should keep it.
4 If you ________(offer) the job, you should stick to it.
5 If we _______(collect ) enough money, we will start the project soon.
6 If I _______(have) 100000 dollars now, I ______(buy ) my parents a garden.
7 If you ______(be) present at the meeting, you ______(make ) the foolish mistakes.
8 If I were you now , I shouldn't quarrel with him.
9 If I had seen him then, I would have been very happy.
10 If he should be here tomorrow, we could ask him about it.
一:成套的虚拟语气：
1. 正常的虚拟语气
从句谓语 主句的谓语
对过去虚拟 had done would/should/could/might +have done
对现在虚拟 did/were would/should/could/might +v
对将来虚拟 did/were to do/ should+v would/should/could/might +v
2. 主句和从句交错的虚拟语气:
If I had studied hard at that time, I would be a college student now.
If I were you, I would have finished it yesterday.
3.省掉if并倒装的虚拟语气:
Had I not prepared for the test, I would have failed.
Were it to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be postphoned.
Should she give us a test tomorrow, we would fail completely.
二．半截虚拟语气
1) But for, without, would /should/could/might +v/have done
2) Or , otherwise, would /should/could/might +v/have done
3) If only, wish , (had done, did , would /could /might +v)
4) Would rather,( did, had done)
5) As if /though, ( did, had done)
6) It is the right/ high time that,(did, should +v )
7) Would you mind if (did, )
8) So that/ in order that,( can,could, may, might)
9) Even if /though, (did, had done)
10) 一个坚持insist，两道命令demand,order三条建议suggest,advise，propose，四个要求：request, require,desire, recommend,在宾语从句，主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句
11) 表语是特定的形容词,名词， necessary, important, strange, natural,
12) .省掉if并倒装的虚拟语气: Had / should /were +主语+动词
Had I not prepared for the test, I would have failed.
Were it to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be postponed.
Should she give us a test tomorrow, we would fail completely.
11年情态动词和虚拟语气高考题
1、(2011全国卷I) 32. They ________ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
A. will B. can C. must D. should
2、（2011全国卷II）8. If you _______ smoke, please go outside.
A. can B. should C. must D. may
3、（2011北京卷）24. - I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?
- Don’t worry. He __________ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.
A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not
4、（2011北京卷）30. Maybe if I ___ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying
5、（2011北京卷）28. - Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
- I wish they _________ always late.
A. weren’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been
6、(2011上海卷) 28. I _____ worry about my weekend-I always have my plans ready before it comes.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. daren’t D. needn’t
7、（2011天津卷）15. I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.
A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come
8、（2011江西卷）23. It ______ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. won’t D. needn’t
9、（2011江西卷）28. We ______ John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
A. will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put
10、（2011江苏卷）34. -I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to the railway officials.
-How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone_______ it.
A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen
11、（2011安徽卷）26. - What do you think of store shopping in the future?
-Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _____.
A. will never replace B. would never replace C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced
12、（2011浙江卷）11.-How’s your new babysitter?
-We ______ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.
A. should B. might C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
13、（2011福建卷）25.-Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
-I am afraid you _______ , in case he comes late for the meeting.
A.will B.must C.may D.can
14、（2011福建卷）34.-Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.
-I____ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.
A.attended B.had attended C.would attend D.would have attended
15、（2011四川卷）20. The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they ______. .
A. can B. may C. must D. should
16、（2011辽宁卷）21. If you __ go, at least wait until the storm is over.
A. can B. may C. must D. will
17、（2011陕西卷）22.I__________through that bitter period without your generous help.
A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t gone
18、（2011陕西卷）24.-Will you read me a story ,Mummy?
--OK. You________ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A. might B. must C. could D. shall
19、（2011重庆卷）25.--Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?
-- I want to, but my mom simply _________ not let me out so late at night.
A. could B. might C. would D. should
20、(2011湖南卷)28 .---No one _______ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.
---Oh, you are really his big fan.
A. can B. need C. must D. might
10年情态动词与虚拟语气高考题
1.(全国I 29). Just be patient .You_____________ except the world to change so soon.
A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D. will not
2.(全国II 17). I’m afraid Mr.Harding ____ see you now . he’s busy.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
3.(安徽卷32). Jack descried his father, who _____a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man
A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been
4.(北京卷23).-Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.
-Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters.
A. might B. must C. would D. can
5.(北京卷34).－T he weather has been very hot and dry.
－Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .
A. wouldn't die B. didn't die C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died
6.(福建卷29).Teachers recommend parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.
A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow
7.(湖南卷29). If he __________my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job.
A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow
8.(湖南卷23). You_________ buy a gift , but you can if you want to.
A. must B. mustn’t C. have to D. don’t have to
9.(江苏卷25). -I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.
-Don’t worry. You______ have it by Friday.
A. could B. shall C. must D. may
10.(江苏卷34). George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture.
A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused
11.(江西卷23). I have told you the truth I keep repeating it?
A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will
12.(辽宁卷26). Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise.
A. can B. will C. must D. may
13.(山东卷25). I_______ have watched that movie -it’ll give me horrible dreams.
A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t
14.(陕西卷15). If we _ __ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken
15.(陕西卷23). --May I take this book out of the reading room?
--No, you . You read it in here.
A. mightn`t B. won’t C. need’t D. mustn`t
16.(四川卷3).- I take the book out?
-I'm afraid not.
A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need
17.(天津卷9). Mark _______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
18.(天津卷15).－John went to the hospital alone.
－If he _______ me about it, I would have gone with him.
A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told
19.(重庆卷 21).You park.here! It’s an emergency exit.
A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t
20.(浙江卷17). "You __ have a wrong number," she said. "There's no one of that name here."
A. need B. can C. must D. would
21.(浙江卷10). Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy __ .
A. would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D.was saved
22.(上海卷29).－Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.
－Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.
A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't
几个情态动词反意疑问句形式
1.must 的特殊用法:表推测,先还原,后确定助动词, 表必须mustn’t/needn’t, 表禁止may I
2. ought to oughtn’t /shouldn’t
3. Let’s -- , shall we? Let us, will you?
4.祈使句:Will you/won’t you?
5.含有used to 的反意疑问句, didn’t /usedn’t
1 They must have had a good time on the party last night, __________?
2 He must love his job, ________?
3 You must have know the result, _________?
4 They must be having an English class, ________?
5 You used to sleep with windows open, ____you?
6 He used to be a teacher, ______?
7 There used to be a school, _____?
8 Do remember to send the letter for me, ________?
9 You won’t give up the plan, _____________?
10 Don’t do it by yourself, ________?
11 Let have a rest, _________?
12 Let’s have a rest, ___________?