1.词汇
headmaster, except, province, enjoyable, rush, rail, railway, lively, comfortable, scenery, magazine, click, score, print.
2.词组
as soon as possible, leave a message, be free, more than, all kinds of, each other, fall asleep, go on a trip, take car of, travel by air.
3．交际用语
(1)-Can I speak to the headmaster, please?
-I’m sorry he isn’t here right now.
(2)-May I help you?
-That’s very kind of you.
4.语法 that引导的宾语从句。
5.句型
（1）He says that he will visit that farm this afternoon.
（2）The teacher told us that the sun rises in the east.
核心知识
headmaster，except， province，enjoyable，rush，rail，railway，lively，comfortable, scenery, offer, magazine, practise, moving, click, pity, score, own, print, Mount Emei(峨嵋山)，as soon as possible尽可能早地，尽快， leave a message留言, be free有空，more than超过，take a taxi坐出租车， all kinds of 各种各样的，each other互相，彼此，fall asleep入睡，go on a trip旅行, come back from…从…回来， hurry up快点， take care of照顾，保管， wake up醒来，pass…on to…传递， Sichuan Province四川省， railway station火车站， travel by air坐飞机旅行
1.Could I speak to the headmaster, please? 请找校长接电话好吗？
Could (May) I speak to…，please？为打电话常用语.
打电话的常用语还有：
①Who’s that(speaking)？请问你是谁？
②This is Mike(speaking).我是迈克.
③Is that Lily(speaking)？是莉莉吗？
speak to sb.同某人说话，谈话
①The headmaster was speaking to Mr. Wang.校长在与王老师谈话.
②I’ll speak to him about the matter.这件事我要同他谈一谈.
2.May I help you？我可以帮帮你吗？
这是打电话时主动提供帮助的用语.
相当于“Would you like to leave a message to…？
你想给…留言吗？
3.I’m sorry he isn’t here right。真抱歉他现在不在这儿.
right now相当于 at the moment, right为副词，用来加强语气。
e.g.①He’s busy working right now.他现在正忙着干活.
②Put it right here就把它放在这儿吧.
4.That’s very kind of you.你太好了。
It’s very nice of you.
5.I hope to see him as soon as possible.我希望尽快地见到他.
as soon as possible实际上是 as soon as it is possible的简略形式，与 as soon as I can／could同义，译作“尽可能快地…”， soon为副词，亦可换为别的副词，意思是“尽可能…”
e.g.①Come as early as possible, please. 请尽早来.
②Can you say it as loudly as possible？你能尽可能说话声音大些吗？
③Do it as quickly as possible.尽快去做吧！
6.I’m free every day except today.除了今天我每天都有空.
except除…之外(所排除的事物通常不包括在所讲述的范围之内).
e.g.①All the students went to the Summer Palace except him.
除了他外，所有的学生都去颐和园了.
②He usually goes to work by bike except on rainy days.
除了雨天外，他通常是骑车上班.
7.Between8：00and9：00.八点到九点吧.
between为介词，表示“在……(两者之间)”.如在多个人或物中强调两者之间的关系，也可使用between.
e.g.①There’s a garden between the two tall buildings.
这两座楼房间有一家花园
②The accident happened between 10：30 and 11：30.
这个事故发生在10：30到11：30之间.
③Liu Ping sits between Jim and me.
刘平坐在我和吉姆之间.
8.I’ll leave a message on his desk.我会在地桌上留张便条.
leave在此意为“留下，丢下.遗忘”.常用句式为 leave sth. ／sb + 在某处.
e.g.①May I leave my bike outside your house？我能把车放在你房外吗？
②I left my dictionary at the library.我把字典忘在图书馆.
Leave a message(to)留便条
take a message(for)捎口信
9. He says that he won’t be free until tomorrow.他说他明天才有空.
此句为一个复合句，says后面的句子充当句中谓语动词says的宾语，故称其为宾语从句not…until直到……才
e.g.①My father didn’t come back home until twelve last night.
昨晚直到12点我爸爸才回家来.
②We didn’t go home until we finished doing our homework yesterday.
昨天直到做完作业我们才睡觉.
10.Jim has been in China for more than two years.
吉姆在中国呆了两年多了.
have(has) been in(at)…for(since)…某人在某地呆了一段时间
e.g. ①Miss Gao has been in this school for ten years.
高老师在这个学校呆了10年了.
②The twins have been in Beijing for half a year.
双胞胎们在北京呆了半年了.
11.He has been to many interesting places in Beijing.
他去过北京许多有趣地方.
have(has) been to…表示某人曾经去过某地，但现在已经回来了.
have(has) gone to…表示某人已经去某地了，现在不在此地，
e.g.①She has gone to England. She hasn’t returned yet.
她去英国了，她还没回来.
②She has been to England. Now she’s working in my office.
她去过英国，现在她在我的办公室上班.
12.Jim’s family think that traveling by train is the best.
吉姆的家人认为坐火车旅行是最好的 traveling by air是动名词作主语
e.g.①Picking apples is much better than having classes.
摘苹果比上课好多了.
②Eating too much is bad for your health.
吃得过多对身体有坏处.
13.It’s much cheaper and far more enjoyable than a rushed trip by air.
修饰形容词或副词的比较级的有much， a little(lot)， far， even
e.g. Lucy is a little taller than Meimei 露西比梅梅高一点.
a rushed trip 一次匆忙的旅程.
14.There were bookshops，food shops and shops selling all kinds of things, selling all kinds of things(卖各种各样的东西)现在分词作定语，修饰 shops.
e.g. There are two boys standing outside the room.
有两个男孩正站在房间外面.
15. in their sleeping car在他们的卧车里.
16.They kept watching the beautiful scenery out of the window.
他们不停地看着窗外美丽的景色.
keep doing sth.坚持做…，不停地做…
e.g.①The conductor kept coming to offer them hot water.
列车员不停地来为他们提供热水
②You must keep passing the ball to each other.
你们应该坚持互相传球.
17.A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green.
一位年青人在与格林先生练习讲英语.
Practise doing sth.练习做…
e g. Jim practises running after class every day.
吉姆每天放学后坚持跑步.
18. When Jim woke up the next morning.当吉姆第二天醒来时.
wake up醒来，醒 wake…up唤醒，弄醒
e.g.①Has he woken up yet？他醒了没有？
②When he woke up ,it was already ten. 他醒来时，已是10点了.
③Please wake me up at five. 请在5点叫醒我.
④Don’t wake up the baby.别弄醒孩子.
19.What a pity！多可惜呀！
20.I’ve never seen such a beautiful mountain in my life.
在我一生中从没看到过这样一座美丽的山.
such adj.遇不定冠词 a(n)时，要放在冠词之前；遇 all，no，on， few， several，some，any等时，则放在其后.
e.g. He is such a man.他是这样一个人.
One such dictionary is enough. 这样的字典，有一本就够了.
21. Hurry up， or we’ll be late.快点，否则我们将迟到.
祈使句 + and(or)的并列句型，可以转换为 if引导的条件状语从句.
e.g.①Work hard, and you’ll pass the exam.
努力学习，你会考试及格的.
②Be careful or you’ll get hurt.
当心！否则你会受伤的.
If you work hard， you’11 pass the exam.
If you aren’t careful， you’ll get hurt.
22.What do you think is the fastest way to travel？
你认为哪种是旅游的最快的方式？
do you think是插入话
e.g.①Who do you think is the cleverest？你认为谁最聪明？
②Which do you think is the best season？
你认为哪一个是最好的季节？
典型例题
1.英语打电话的日常交际用语如下：
①请对方帮你找某人接电话时：
Hello！Could I speak to…,Please？
Hello！May I speak to…，please？
Hello！I’d like to speak to…
如果对方正好是你要找的人，对方会说：
This is…speaking.或…speaking.
如果对方不是你要找的人，对方会说：
Hold on(a moment)， please. 别挂电话，请等一等.
如果你要找的人不在，对方会说：
I’m sorry he／she is not here right now.(现在不在)或 Sorry，he is not in.
例如：
1) A：Hello！Could I speak to the headmaster. please.
喂！请找校长说话好吗？
B：Hold on，please… Sorry he is not in.请等一等…对不起，他现在不在.
2) A：Hello！May l speak to Jim，please？
喂！我找吉姆，好吗？
B：This is Jim speaking. Is that Tom?
我就是吉姆，你是汤姆吗？
3) A：Hello! I’d like to speak to John Brown. Is he in?
喂！我想找约翰布朗.他在家吗？
B：I’m sorry he’s out right now. May I help you？
对不起，他不在.我可以帮帮你吗？
②当对方所要找的不在时，你可以主动提出帮助对方传递消息，请对方留下口信，以便转达.
例如：
1) A：I’m sorry he isn’t here right now. May I help you？
对不起，他现在不在.我可以帮你留言吗？
B：That’s very kind of you but I’d like to speak to him about my son.
Jim Green.I would like to see him as soon as possible.
你太好了，不过我想跟他谈谈有关我儿子吉姆格林的问题，我想尽快地见到他.
2) A：Could I speak to John Brown, please？请找约翰布朗？
B：Sorry，he is not in right now.Could I take a message for you?
对不起，他现在不在.我可以帮你留个口信吗？
A：That would be fine please tell him I’ll come tomorrow.
那太好了.请你告诉他，我明天来.
③如果你要我的人不在，你也可以主动要求对方帮你传递信息，你可以说：
I’d like to leave a message to …我想给…留言.
Will＼ Would you please give a message to…？请你给…留言，好吗？
May I ask you to give… a message. ？请你带个口信给…好吗？
例如：
A：Hello！ Could I speak to Mary, please?
喂！请找玛丽讲话，好吗？
B：Sorry she is out. She won’t be back until 11 o’clock.
对不起，她出去了.11点以前她回不来.
A：Will you please give her a message？
请你给她捎个口信吗？
B：All right. Go ahead.好的.请说吧.
2.宾语从句(－)
宾语从句在复合句中用作主句的宾语.
宾语从句通常由连词that引导.在口语和非正式文体中连词that常可省略.从句时态受主句谓语动词的限制.但当主句谓语为一般现在时态时，宾语从句可用任何时态.
例如：
He says that he will visit that farm this afternoon.
他说今天下午将参观那个农场
I’m sorry that he lost his watch yesterday.
我很难过，他昨天丢了手表.
She said that she felt much better.她说她好多了.
I told him I had seen the film twice.
我告诉他这部电影我已看过两遍了.
He said that he would give you a call.
他说他会打个电话给你.
如果宾语从句是一个客观真理，则不管主句为何时态，宾语从句都用一般现在时
例如：
The teacher told us that the sun rises in the east.
老师告诉我们，太阳在东边升起.
He said that light travels much later than sound.
他说光的速度比声音的速度快得多.
通过上述例可以看到，宾语从句常常用来转述别人的话语；也可用作其它及物动词的宾语；还可用在 be ＋ afraid(sure)等结构之后作宾语.
例如：
①A：What does the teacher say？老师说什么？
B：He says he’ll be free between 8：00and 9：00.
他说他在8：00至9：OO之间有空.
②A：What did Mr. Green say at the meeting?
格林先生在会上说了什么？
B：He said that he would do his best. 他说他将尽力而为.
③I think the fastest way to travel is by plane.
我认为最快的旅行方式是坐飞机
④I hope everything goes well.我希望一切顺利.
⑤I’m afraid that Jim will miss a lot of lessons.
我担心吉姆会耽误许多课.
⑥I’m sure many people like to travel by air.
我相信许多人喜欢坐火车旅行.
3.阅读理解
One day. Tom’s mother was ill， and she was in hospital. After school Tom decided to go to the hospital to see her. He had to take a bus because the hospital was too far. When Tom got to the bus stop, there were already a lot of people there . They were standing in line and waiting for a bus. The bus was late. As soon as he got to the bus stop. Tom went to the front and jumped the queue. The people there were all unhappy. One of them said to Tom. “Don't jump the queue.”“Oh, I am sorry”, said Tom. He went back to the end of line and waited like others. When the bus came, the people all got on the bus in turn.
根据短文，判断正误，对的写“T”，错的写“F”.
1.Tom’s mother was ill. She had to stay at home.
2.Tom had to take a bus because the hospital was very far.
3.The people were standing in line and waiting for a bus.
4.Tom waited in the queue as soon as he got to the bus stop.
5.One of the people asked Tom not to jump the queue.
分析 1.错，汤姆的妈妈得病住院了，而不是呆在家里.2.对，短文中第三句.3.对，短文中第五句.4.错，汤姆一到公共汽车站，就到前面插队而不是排队等.5.对
4.A young man practised English with Mr Green.
A. speaks B. speaking C. spoke D. to speak
解析 选B. practise练习，后面要接动名词作宾语，故选A对
5.The teacher told us the earth round the sun.
A. turned B. is turning C. turns D. to turn
解析 选C.主句为一般过去时，宾语从句要用过去时态的某种形式，但宾语从句是一个客观真理，故用一般现在时选C.
6.I’ve never seen beautiful mountain in my life.
A. such a B. a such C. so a D. a so
解析 选A. such为形容词，一般修饰名词，so为副词，修饰形容词或副词.但名词前有many，much，little，few等词时，不能用such，而要用so，such修饰名词词组时，遇不定冠词a(n)时，要放在冠词前，故选 A，但可转换为so beautiful a mountain.
7. He isn’t, so I’ll to him on his desk.
A. take a message B. give a message
C. leave a message D. pass a message
解析 选C. take a message.意为“替人捎口信”； give a message to sb.意为“把口信捎给某人”，其后均不和表地点的介词短语连用.pass a message意为“传口信”，亦不和“地点”连用；leave a message to sb.“给某人留口信”，常和表示地点的短语连用.
【关于“Unit 4 Travel”的常见问题】
常见问题1: Travel1
问题：
错误辨认
Don’t forget your books at home next time.
A B C D
解答:
解析
B错，改为leave.
常见问题2: Travel2
问题：
错误辨认
How do you think of this film?
A B C D
解答:
解析
A错，改为what.
常见问题3: Travel3
问题：
错误辨认
Jim didn’t finish to read the book until yesterday.
A B C D
解答:
解析 C错，改为reading.
常见问题4: Travel4
问题：
错误辨认
Hurry up! And you will be late for school.
A B C D
解答:
解析 B错，改为or
常见问题5: Travel5
问题：
找出错处
I won’t watch TV until my mother will come back.
A B C D
解答:
D错.until引导的状语从句，主句为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时.
常见问题6: Travel6
问题：
找出错处
The conductor kept to come to offer them hot water
A B C D
解答:
B错. keep后接动词 ing形式.
常见问题7: Travel7
问题：
找出错处
Jim thought that the train is like a big moving party.
A B C D
解答:
C错.主句为一般过去时，宾语从句要用过去时态.
常见问题8: Travel8
问题：
找出错处
Jim’s family think that travel by train is the best.
A B C D
解答:
C错.travel by train作宾语从句主语不对，应用traveling.
常见问题9: Travel9
问题：
找出错处
The noise woke up him and he was very angry.
A B C D
解答:
B错.wake up弄醒.动词 + 副词词组，宾语代词应放在动词和副词中间.
常见问题10: Travel 10
问题：
She will give you a call as soon as she______back tomorrow.
A．will come B．is going to come C．comes D．came
解答:
分析 as soon as在本题中引导的是时间状语从句。时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语的用法相同。在使用时应把握主句是一般将来时，时间状语从句和条件状语从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
答案 C
注意! 在答此题时，常常能注意上述原则，却分不清主从句，以致把时态填错。
常见问题11: Travel 11
问题：
改错
I think that he isn't a good student.
解答:
分析此句是由连词that引导的宾语从句。that通常引导由陈述句充当的宾语从句，这里的that无实际具体意义，在口语和非正式文体中that省略。另外，如果主句动词是think，guess等词，且主句主语为第一人称时，宾语从句用not表达否定含义的否定句，习惯上常否定主句谓语动词。
答案I don’t think that he is a good student.
注意! 如果宾语从句主句时态是现在时，宾语从句的时态可根据自身的时间状语来确定，不受主句谓语时态的限制；如果主句时态是过去时，宾语从句的时态要与主句时态保持一致，即用过去相应的某一时态。
试比较：
1．She says that she will go to the zoo tomorrow.
2．She said that she would go to the zoo the next day.
常见问题12: Travel 12
问题：
He ________ for nearly three hours.
A．kept talking B．kept to talk
C．has kept talking D．kept to talking
解答:
分析keep doing sth侧重表示持续不停地做某事。另外，句中的for引导的表示一段时间的状语暗示要用现在完成时。
答案C
注意！ keep on doing sth侧重强调动作的反复，表示持续不断地或反复做某事，相当于go on doing。