作者：王东
同位语从句属于名词性从句,常常跟在fact, promise, reason, truth, idea, opinion, news,hope, belief, suggestion, conclusion, information, order, decision等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容,在逻辑上表现为同位关系。
要突破同位语从句,需要注意以下几点:
一、正确使用同位语从句的引导词。引导同位语从句的主要有连接词that(不用which),whether (不用if)。
1.如果同位语从句意义完整,不缺少句子成分,常用that引导同位语从句。例如:
I heard the news that our team had won. 我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
2. 如果同位语从句表示"是否"含义时,常用whether引导同位语从句。例如:
He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
[原题再现]
Along with the letter was his promise he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
答案: B
二、同位语从句与其中心词可被谓语动词等其他成分分隔,此时要能分清句子结构。例如:
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
[原题再现]
① A story goes ________ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.
A. when B. where C. what D. that
② There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ________ road conditions need ________.
A. that; to be improved
B. which; to be improved
C. where; improving
D. when; improving
答案: ① D ② A
三、表示建议、命令、要求等的名词(如suggestion, proposal, advice, order, request等)后接同位语从句时,从句通常使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用"(should)+动词原形"。例如:
The teacher gave orders that the work (should) be finished before 4 o'clock.
The suggestion that the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good.