Teaching aims:
To recognize the basic forms of the to-infinitive and the bare infinitive.
To learn how to use to-infinitives and bare infinitives in different situations.
To recognize the basic form of the verb-ing.
To learn how to use the verb-ing form as a noun in different situations
Teaching Key Points:
The usages of persuade and discourage
Teaching Difficulties:
The usages of infinitive and verb-ing
Teaching procedures:
Ⅰ.Lead-in
1. Free talk: show Ss some sentences and ask them to pay attention to the structure.
1. We all like listening to music.
2. If I have a chance to enjoy music, I will not refuse it.
3. I want/desire to make friends.
4. It is not easy to make a real friend.
5. I will try my best to help her/him out.
2. 解释非谓语动词。
3. Practice: To find the finite verb(谓语动词) in the sentences above.
Summary: 非谓语动词使用条件:
一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时,这些动词就充当了非谓语动词。
4. Three types of “Non-predicate verb”
to do
v-ing
v-ed
Ⅱ. To-infinitive
1. Show Ss some sentences and ask them to find out the functions of each “to-infinitive”
To do that sort of thing is foolish. 主语
I want to see you this evening. 宾语
All you have to do is to finish it quickly. 表语
We found a house to live in. 定语
She came here to study English. 状语
I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 宾补
2. 考点难点归纳
1. 不定式的作用:
主语,表语;
1) ______ (see) is to believe.
2) It’s difficult ________ (find) a best friend.
To find a best friend is difficult.
3) My wish is ______ (be) a scientist.
4) Your task is __________ (clean) the classroom.
宾语,宾补;
1. Our teacher promised ______ (see) the film with us.
2. The workers demanded _______ (get) better pay.
3. We think it important ______ (obey) the law.
4. He advised me _________ (read) English as often as possible.
5. I expect you _________ (give) me some help.
6. I made him _______ (do) his work.
状语;
1. He got up early to catch the train.
2. Tim sat near the fire ______ (get) warm.
3. He is brave enough _______ (go) out alone at night.
4. I’m not such a fool ___________ (believe) that.
作结果状语常用于一些固定搭配中如:too …to, enough to，only to，never to，so + 形容词/副词 +as to, such+名词+as to do引导.
定语
动词不定式做定语时,应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后.它和被修饰词之间有三种关系:主谓、动宾和同位.
He is the man to see you. 主谓关系
Please find me something to drink. I am very thirsty. 动宾关系
We all have a chance to go to college.同位关系
Tip:不定式作定语时,一般情况下,动作的执行者出现时,就用主动形式.
注意:如果不定式部分的动词是不及物动词,则需带上相应的介词.
2.时态和语态
归纳: 不定式的时态一般有:
to do (be done)动作尚未(被)发生
to be doing动作正在发生;
to have done (have been done)动作已经(被)发生
e.g. 1. No one likes to be laughed at.
2. When the teacher came in, we pretended to be reading.
3. They seemed to have lost something.
3.不带to的情况
不定式在一些动词后作宾语补足语时, 不定式省略to.
但这种句子如果变为被动结构,to要补上.
口诀：五看三使二听一感觉
“前有do,后无to; 前无do, 后有to”.
1.不定式用在介词but, except, besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to.
2. 不定式在系动词 后作表语时, 当主语部分有行为动词do, 作表语的不定式to可省略。
常见的固定搭配有:
1. had better do/ had better not do
2. would rather do sth. than do sth.
3. cannot but do sth.不得不------
4. why not do sth? 表建议 why do sth? 表责备
有两个以上的不定式并列在一起时,第二个不定式的 to 可以省略
e.g.
1. I promise to finish my homework and hand it on time.
2. Do you want to go shopping or watch a film.
3. I decided to write rather than phone.
4.综合考查-结合动名词
1. 动名词在句中的作用
1. Swimming is good for your health.
2. My favorite sport is swimming.
3. I love swimming in the sea during the summer.
4. I keep fit by swimming every day.
5. There is a shoe in the swimming pool.
2.综合考查
综合考查一：主语和表语
注意:主语和表语要用同一种形式；平行结构中要用同一种形式，要注意一致性。
“It is no use/ no good/ fun / a waste of time/ a good pleasure 等名词 + doing”
e.g.
1. ______ (see) is to believe.
2. ______ (see) is believing.
3. Missing this bus means ______ (wait) for another.
综合考查二: 宾语
1. --- Do remember _______ it to your mother.
--- But I remember _____ my mother. (tell)
2. Tom, the windows are too dirty. They need _________________. (clean)
讲解：1. 结合课文举例探讨一些动词后跟ing与to do所表示动作概念的不同
2. want/require/demand/need 后跟 ing=to be done
综合考查三:语义的差别
注意：不定式往往表特指某一具体动作，而动名词表泛指，经常性的动作。
______ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
A. The walk B. Walking
C. To walk D. Walk
Ⅲ. Practice
1. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ____ it more difficult.
A. not make B. not to make
C. not making D. don’t make
2.I found the German language hard ____.
A. learned B. learning
C. to be learned D. to learn
3. ---What do you think of the school?
---It is a very good _____.
A. school to study in B. school for children to study
C. studying school D. school to study
4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth
_____ for him without delay.
A. to have woven B. to be woven
C. to be weaving D. to weave
5. _________ more about university courses, call (05920)746-3789.
A．To find out B. Finding out
C. Find out D. Having found out
6. I can’t stand ___ with Jane in the office. She just refuses ____talking while she works.
A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping
C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop
7. The teacher asked us ____ so much noise.
A. don’t make B. not make
C. not making D. not to make
8. Isn't it time you got down to _____ the papers?
A.mark B. be marked
C. being marked D. marking
Ⅳ. Homework
1. Finish the exercise in the text P8~11
2. Do the exercises in “ The Great English Class”
参考答案：
1. To see; to find; to be; to clean; to see; to get; to obey; to read; to give; do; to get; to go; as to believe;
2. 综合考查：
To see; Seeing; waiting; to tell; telling; to be cleaned=cleaning; B
3. B D A B A C D D